Burning radionuclide question: What happens to iodine, cesium and chlorine in biomass fires?

被引:69
作者
Amiro, BD
Sheppard, SC
Johnston, FL
Evenden, WG
Harris, DR
机构
[1] Environmental Science Branch, AECL Whiteshell Laboratories, Pinawa
关键词
radionuclides; fires; iodine; cesium; chlorine; Chernobyl; burning;
D O I
10.1016/0048-9697(96)05125-X
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Fires can mobilize radionuclides from contaminated biomass through suspension of gases and particles in the atmosphere or solubilization and enrichment of the ash. Field and laboratory burns were conducted to determine the fate of I, Cs and Cl in biomass fires. Straw, wood, peat, dulse (seaweed) and radish plants were combusted with temperatures varying from 160 to 1000 degrees C, representing the normal range of field fire temperatures. Loss to the atmosphere increased with fire temperature and during a typical field fire, 80-90% of the I and Cl, and 40-70% of the Cs was lost to the atmosphere. The remainder was left behind in the ash and was soluble. Typically, the ash was enriched in I by a factor of two to three, with higher enrichments of Cs and lower enrichments of Cl, when compared to the initial fuel concentration during field burns. Most of the I was lost to the atmosphere as a gas. If the elements were radioactive isotopes, such as I-129, Cs-137 and Cl-36, fires could cause an increased radiological dose to people through inhalation, exposure to ash, or ingestion of plants because of increased uptake of ash leachate.
引用
收藏
页码:93 / 103
页数:11
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