Sources and extent of microbiological contamination of beef carcasses in seven United States slaughtering plants

被引:75
作者
Sofos, JN [1 ]
Kochevar, SL
Bellinger, GR
Buege, DR
Hancock, DD
Ingham, SC
Morgan, JB
Reagan, JO
Smith, GC
机构
[1] Colorado State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ctr Red Meat Safety, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA
[2] Monfort Beef Div, Garden City Plant, Garden City, KS 67846 USA
[3] Agri W Labs, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA
[4] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[5] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
[6] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA
[7] Natl Cattlemens Beef Assoc, Englewood, CO 80155 USA
关键词
D O I
10.4315/0362-028X-62.2.140
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
This study determined microbiological loads of beef carcasses at different stages during the slaughtering to chilling process in seven (four steer/heifer and three cow/bull) plants. Potential sources of contamination (feces, air, lymph nodes) were also tested. Each facility was visited twice, once in November through January (wet season) and again in May through June (dry season). Carcasses were sampled by aseptic excision of surface tissue (100 cm(2)) from the brisket, flank, and rump (30 samples each) after hide removal (pre-evisceration), after final carcass washing, and after 24-h carcass chilling. The samples were analyzed individually by standard procedures for aerobic plate counts (APC), total coliform counts (TCC), Escherichia coli biotype I counts (ECC), and presence of Salmonella. Incidence of Salmonella was higher on dry feces of older compared to younger animals, fresh feces of younger compared to older animals, and on cow/bull carcasses compared to steer/heifer carcasses. Most factors and their interactions had significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) effects on the bacterial counts obtained. Depending on plant and season, APC, TCC, and ECC were less than or equal to 10(4), less than or equal to 10(2), and less than or equal to 10(1) CFU/cm(2) in 46.7 to 93.3, 50.0 to 100.0, and 74.7 to 100.0% of the samples, respectively. TCC exceeded 10(3) CFU/cm(2) in 2.5% (wet season) and 1.5% (dry season) of the samples. ECC exceeded 10(2) CFU/cm(2) in 8.7%, 0.3%, and 1.5% of the pre-evisceration, final carcass-washing, and 24-h carcass-chilling samples, respectively, during the wet season; the corresponding numbers during the dry season were 3.5%, 2.2%, and 3.0%, respectively. These data should serve as a baseline for future comparisons in measuring the microbiological status of beef carcasses, as the new inspection requirements are implemented.
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页码:140 / 145
页数:6
相关论文
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