Dilution of aircraft exhaust plumes at cruise altitudes

被引：102

作者：

Schumann, U ^{[1
]}

Schlager, H ^{[1
]}

Arnold, F ^{[1
]}

Baumann, R ^{[1
]}

Haschberger, P ^{[1
]}

Klemm, O ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] DLR, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Inst Phys Atmosphare, D-82230 Wessling, Germany

来源：

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT | 1998年 / 32卷 / 18期

关键词：

mixing; dispersion; aircraft emissions; jet; contrail; tropopause region;

D O I：

10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00455-X

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The dilution of jet engine exhaust in the plume behind cruising aircraft is determined from measured plume properties. The data set,includes in situ measurements of CO2, NO, NOy, SO2, H2O, temperature, and contrail diameters behind subsonic and supersonic aircraft in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, for plume ages of seconds to hours. The set of data is extended into the range of milliseconds based on computations and measured temperature values. The bulk plume dilution is expressed in terms of the dilution ratio N which is the mass of air with which the exhaust from a unit mass of burned fuel mixes. For: 0.006 s < t < 10(4) s, the bulk dilution ratio measured in more than 70 plume encounters follows approximately N = 7000(t/t(0))(0.8), t(0) = 1 s. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：3097 / 3103

页数：7

共 35 条

[1] Calculation of exhaust plume structure and emissions of the ER 2 aircraft in the stratosphere [J].

Anderson, MR ;

MiakeLye, RC ;

Brown, RC ;

Kolb, CE .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1996, 101 (D2) :4025-4032

[2] MEASUREMENTS OF JET AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS AT CRUISE ALTITUDE-I - THE ODD-NITROGEN GASES NO, NO2, HNO2 AND HNO3 [J].

ARNOLD, F ;

SCHEID, J ;

STILP, T ;

SCHLAGER, H ;

REINHARDT, ME .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1992, 19 (24) :2421-2424

[3]

ARNOLD F, 1994, 9406 DLR MITT, P323

[4]

ARNOLD F, 1996, 16978 EUR EN EUR COM, P48

[5] MODELING OF AIRCRAFT EXHAUST EMISSIONS AND INFRARED-SPECTRA FOR REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF NITROGEN-OXIDES [J].

BEIER, K ;

SCHREIER, F .

ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE-ATMOSPHERES HYDROSPHERES AND SPACE SCIENCES, 1994, 12 (10-11) :920-943

[6] Aerosol dynamics in near-field aircraft plumes [J].

Brown, RC ;

MiakeLye, RC ;

Anderson, MR ;

Kolb, CE ;

Resch, TJ .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1996, 101 (D17) :22939-22953

[7]

BUSEN R, 1994, 9406 DTSCH FORSCH LU, P297

[8] Dispersion of aircraft exhausts in the free atmosphere [J].

Durbeck, T ;

Gerz, T .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1996, 101 (D20) :26007-26015

[9] LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF AIRCRAFT EXHAUST PLUMES IN THE FREE ATMOSPHERE - EFFECTIVE DIFFUSIVITIES AND CROSS-SECTIONS [J].

DURBECK, T ;

GERZ, T .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1995, 22 (23) :3203-3206

[10] EMISSION MEASUREMENTS OF THE CONCORDE SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT IN THE LOWER STRATOSPHERE [J].

FAHEY, DW ;

KEIM, ER ;

BOERING, KA ;

BROOK, CA ;

WILSON, JC ;

JONSSON, HH ;

ANTHONY, S ;

HANISCO, TF ;

WENNBERG, PO ;

MIAKELYE, RC ;

SALAWITCH, RJ ;

LOUISNARD, N ;

WOODBRIDGE, EL ;

GAO, RS ;

DONNELLY, SG ;

WAMSLEY, RC ;

DELNEGRO, LA ;

SOLOMON, S ;

DAUBE, BC ;

WOFSY, SC ;

WEBSTER, CR ;

MAY, RD ;

KELLY, KK ;

LOEWENSTEIN, M ;

PODOLSKE, JR ;

CHAN, KR .

SCIENCE, 1995, 270 (5233) :70-74

← 1 2 3 4 →