On the dominance of moral categories in impression formation

被引:513
作者
Wojciszke, B
Bazinska, R
Jaworski, M
机构
[1] Univ Gdansk, Inst Psychol, PL-80343 Gdansk, Poland
[2] Copernicus Univ Torn, Torun, Poland
关键词
D O I
10.1177/01461672982412001
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Based on the notion that approach-avoidance underlies impression formation processes and that approach-avoidance is more directly based on appraisals of others' morality (M) than competence (C), we hypothesized that M-related information played a more important role at various phases of global impression formation than C-related information on target persons. In four studies (N = 342 university students), we predicted and found that (a) M traits showed a higher chronic accessibility than C traits; (b) when gathering information to formulate a global impression, perceivers were more interested in M traits than C traits; (c) global impressions of real persons were better predicted from M trait ascriptions than C trait ascriptions, and (d) positivity-negativity of impressions of fictitious persons was decided mainly by the M content of their behavior; whereas C information served as a weak modifier of impression intensity. The dominance of M traits over C traits was more pronounced for female perceivers than for male perceivers.
引用
收藏
页码:1251 / 1263
页数:13
相关论文
共 42 条
[1]   LIKABLENESS RATINGS OF 555 PERSONALITY-TRAIT WORDS [J].
ANDERSON, NH .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1968, 9 (03) :272-&
[2]  
ANDERSON NH, 1981, FDN INFORMATION INTE
[3]   INDIVIDUAL CONSTRUCT ACCESSIBILITY AND PERCEPTUAL SELECTION [J].
BARGH, JA ;
PRATTO, F .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1986, 22 (04) :293-311
[4]  
BARKOW L, 1992, ADAPTED MIND EVOLUTI
[5]  
Brewer M. B., 1988, ADV SOCIAL COGNITION, V1, P177
[6]   THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INTERGROUP ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR [J].
BREWER, MB ;
KRAMER, RM .
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY, 1985, 36 :219-243
[7]  
Buss D.M., 1994, EVOLUTION DESIRE
[8]   RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDES AND EVALUATIVE SPACE - A CRITICAL-REVIEW, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE SEPARABILITY OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SUBSTRATES [J].
CACIOPPO, JT ;
BERNTSON, GG .
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1994, 115 (03) :401-423
[9]  
Darley J. M., 1980, ADV EXPT SOCIAL PSYC, V13, P1
[10]  
Eagly A.H., 1987, JOHN M MACEACHRAN ME, DOI DOI 10.4324/