Mapping leaf surface landscapes

被引:56
作者
Mechaber, WL
Marshall, DB
Mechaber, RA
Jobe, RT
Chew, FS
机构
[1] TUFTS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MEDFORD,MA 02155
[2] TUFTS UNIV,SCH NUTR,MEDFORD,MA 02155
[3] TOPOMETRIX,SANTA CLARA,CA 95054
[4] GEI CONSULTANTS INC,CONCORD,NH 03301
关键词
epicuticular lipids; phylloplane; ecological scale; microtopography; atomic force microscopy;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.93.10.4600
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Leaf surfaces provide the ecologically relevant landscapes to those organisms that encounter or colonize the leaf surface. Leaf surface topography directly affects microhabitat availability for colonizing microbes, microhabitat quality and acceptability for insects, and the efficacy of agricultural spray applications. Prior detailed mechanistic studies that examined particular fungi-plant and pollinator-plant interactions have demonstrated the importance of plant surface topography or roughness in determining the outcome of the interactions. Until now, however, it has not been possible to measure accurately the topography-i.e., the three-dimensional structure-of such leaf surfaces or to record precise changes in patterns of leaf surface elevation over time. Using contact mode atomic force microscopy, we measured three-dimensional coordinates of upper leaf surfaces of Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), a perennial plant, on leaves of two age classes. We then produced topographic maps of these leaf surfaces, which revealed striking differences bet een age classes of leaves: old leaves have much rougher surfaces than those of young leaves. Atomic force microscope measurements were analyzed by lag (1) autocorrelation estimates of leaf surfaces by age class. We suggest that the changes in topography result from removal of epicuticular lipids and that the changes in leaf surface topography influence phylloplane ecology. Visualizing and mapping leaf surfaces permit detailed investigations into leaf surface-mediated phenomena, improving our understanding of phylloplane interactions.
引用
收藏
页码:4600 / 4603
页数:4
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