Revitalization of Tooth with Necrotic Pulp and Open Apex by Using Platelet-rich Plasma: A Case Report

Introduction: A growing body of evidence is demonstrating the possibility for regeneration of tissues within the pulp space and continued root development in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apexes. The purpose of this case report is to add a regenerative endodontic case to the existing literature about using platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Methods: An 11-year-old boy whose maxillary second premolar tooth had been accidently extracted and immediately replanted developed pulpal necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis. After preparing an access cavity, its necrotic pulp was removed. The canal was irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl solution and dried with paper points. A triple antibiotic mixed with distilled water was packed in the canal and left for 22 days. Twenty milliliters of whole blood was drawn from the patient's forearm for preparation of PRP. After removal of the antibiotic mixture, the PRP was injected into the canal space up to the cementoenamel junction level. Three millimeters of grey mineral trioxide aggregate was placed directly over the PRP clot. Three days later, the tooth was double-sealed with permanent filling materials. Results: Clinical examination 5 1/2 half months later revealed no sensitivity to percussion or palpation tests. Radiographic examination of this tooth showed resolution of the periapical lesion, further root development, and continued apical closure. Sensitivity tests with cold and an electric pulp test elicited a positive response similar to those found in the first premolar tooth. Conclusions: On the basis of short-term results of the present case, it appears that regeneration of vital tissues in a tooth with necrotic pulp and a periapical lesion is possible; PRP is potentially an ideal scaffold for this procedure. (J Endod 2011;37:265-268)