Natural selection at major histocompatibility complex loci of vertebrates

被引：499

作者：

Hughes, AL ^{[1
]}

Yeager, M

机构：

[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[2] Penn State Univ, Inst Mol Evolut Genet, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

来源：

ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS | 1998年 / 32卷

关键词：

adaptive evolution; introns; major histocompatibility complex; overdominant; selection;

D O I：

10.1146/annurev.genet.32.1.415

中图分类号：

Q3 [遗传学];

学科分类号：

071007 ; 090102 ;

摘要：

The loci of the vertebrate major histocompatibility complex encode cell-surface glycoproteins that present peptides to T cells. Certain of these loci are highly polymorphic, and the mechanisms responsible for this polymorphism have been intensely debated. Four independent lines of evidence support the hypothesis that MHC polymorphisms are selectively maintained: (a) The distribution of allelic frequencies does not fit the neutral expectation. (b) The rate of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution significantly exceeds the rate of synonymous substitution in the codons encoding the peptide-binding region of the molecule. (c) Polymorphisms have been maintained for long periods of time ("trans-species polymorphism"). (d) Introns have been homogenized relative to exons over evolutionary time, suggesting that balancing selection acts to maintain diversity in the latter, in contrast to the former.

引用

页码：415 / 435

页数：21

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