Fusarial infection in neutropenic patients: Three case reports.

The authors report three cases of fusarial infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies. The first patient was affected by a cutaneous extensive fusariosis. The second patient developed a fusarial lung injection during a multiple organ failure following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The third patient who presented with refractory acute myelogenous leukemia, developed fusarial skin lesions, and died from pulmonary failure. The treatment of fusarial infection is disappointing and requires amphotericin B, in association with hematopoietic growth factors. The role of new agents, or combination chemotherapy remains to be determinated. The recovery of adequate neutrophil levels is the most important factor in the resolution of fusarial infection.