Partitioning of ochratoxin A in mycelium and conidia of Aspergillus carbonarius and the impact on toxin contamination of grapes and wine

被引:16
作者
Atoui, A.
Mitchell, D.
Mathieu, F.
Magan, N.
Lebrihi, A.
机构
[1] Inst Natl Polytech Toulouse, Ecole Natl Super Agron Toulouse, Lab Genie Chim,CNRS INPT UPS UMR 5503, Dept Bioprocedes & Syst Microbiens, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
[2] Cranfield Univ, Inst BioSci & Technol, Appl Mycol Grp, Bedford, England
关键词
aspergillus carbonarius; conidia; germination; grapes; ochratoxin A; partitioning;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03320.x
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Aims: Aspergillus carbonarius is an important ochratoxin A (OTA)-producing fungus which is responsible for toxin contamination of grapes and wine. The objectives of this study were to examine the partitioning of OTA in mycelium and conidia of a range of A. carbonarius strains on artificial grape juice and defined media, to determine the excretion patterns of OTA from these spores, and the effect of organic acids used in wine production on OTA excretion from conidia. Methods and Results: The results showed that 60-70% of the OTA was accumulated in the conidia of a number of different isolates of A. carbonarius. Calculations showed that on different defined media, an amount of 0.011- to 0.1-pg OTA was present per conidium. The OTA in spores was found to be rapidly excreted into the medium during the initial few hours after conidial germination leading to an increase of OTA in must during maceration for wine production. The presence of tartaric acid inhibited OTA production, but malic acid enhanced this production during mycelial growth. These acids were also shown to affect the time course of germination and the rate of OTA excretion from conidia during germination. Conclusions: This study is the first to examine and show the partitioning of OTA into spores of strains of A. carbonarius and that rapid excretion of OTA from spores could be a reason for OTA accumulation in musts during wine production. Significance and Impact of the Study: Conidia of A. carbonarius could be a major source of OTA contamination of grapes used in wine production. This information could help in the development of effective prevention strategies to minimize wine contamination with this important mycotoxin.
引用
收藏
页码:961 / 968
页数:8
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