Viability of a low-pressure nanofilter in treating recycled water for water reuse applications: A pilot-scale study

被引:102
作者
Bellona, Christopher [1 ]
Drewes, Joerg E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA
关键词
nanofiltration; water reuse; trace organic contaminants; solute rejection; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ACTIVE COMPOUNDS; REVERSE-OSMOSIS; REJECTION; MEMBRANES; RETENTION; NF; TRANSPORT;
D O I
10.1016/j.watres.2007.05.027
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of a low-pressure nanofiltration (NF) membrane for treating recycled water for indirect potable water reuse applications. In particular, the tradeoffs in choosing low-pressure NF over reverse osmosis (RO) were investigated including whether or not significantly lowering operating pressures/costs would result in diminished permeate water quality. A NF membrane (Dow/Filmtec NF-4040) with high permeate productivity was selected for pilot-scale testing over a period of 1200h at a water reuse facility employing conventional RO membranes for treating tertiary treated wastewater effluent prior to aquifer recharge. The novel application of an NF membrane in treating wastewater effluent for water reuse applications permitted a comprehensive screening of NF permeate water quality and allowed for the investigation of trace organic contaminant rejection on pilot scale with environmentally relevant feed water concentrations. Results from pilot-scale testing highlighted the selectivity of NF membranes in removing organic solutes present in wastewater effluents at the parts-per-trillion level. While operating pressures were by a factor of 2-3 lower than conventional RO membranes, and bulk and trace organic rejection generally exceeded 90 percent, not surprisingly, the rejection of monovalent ions such as nitrate was poor. The poor-to-moderate rejection of monovalent ions, however, resulted in lowered brine stream total dissolved solids concentration and sodium adsorption ratio as compared with the brine stream of conventional RO membranes, which may be beneficial for brine disposal strategies. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:3948 / 3958
页数:11
相关论文
共 34 条
[1]  
*AM WAT ASS MEMBR, 2005, J AM WATER WORKS ASS, V97, P79
[2]  
[Anonymous], 2003, WAST ENG TREATM REUS
[3]  
[Anonymous], 2005, Standard methods for examination of water and waste water, V23rd Edn
[4]  
BARTELS C, 2004, INTGRATED MEMBRANE S
[5]   Factors affecting the rejection of organic solutes during NF/RO treatment - a literature review [J].
Bellona, C ;
Drewes, JE ;
Xu, P ;
Amy, G .
WATER RESEARCH, 2004, 38 (12) :2795-2809
[6]   The role of membrane surface charge and solute physico-chemical properties in the rejection of organic acids by NF membranes [J].
Bellona, C ;
Drewes, JE .
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, 2005, 249 (1-2) :227-234
[7]  
BELLONA C, 2007, UNPUB J AM WATER WOR
[8]   Linearized transport model for nanofiltration: Development and assessment [J].
Bowen, WR ;
Welfoot, JS ;
Williams, PM .
AICHE JOURNAL, 2002, 48 (04) :760-773
[9]   Influence of hydrophobicity on retention in nanofiltration of aqueous solutions containing organic compounds [J].
Braeken, L ;
Ramaekers, R ;
Zhang, Y ;
Maes, G ;
Van der Bruggen, B ;
Vandecasteele, C .
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, 2005, 252 (1-2) :195-203
[10]  
*CAL DHS, 2007, GROUNDW RECH DRAFT R