A systematic review finds methodological improvements necessary for prognostic models in determining traumatic brain injury outcomes

被引:130
作者
Mushkudiani, Nino A. [1 ]
Hukkelhoven, Chantal W. P. M. [1 ]
Hernandez, Adrian V. [1 ]
Murray, Gordon D. [2 ]
Choi, Sung C. [3 ,4 ]
Maas, Andrew I. R. [5 ]
Steyerberg, Ewout W. [1 ]
机构
[1] Erasmus MC, Ctr Med Decis Making, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
[2] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Med, Div Community Hlth Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[3] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
[4] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Div Neurosurg, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
[5] Erasmus MC, Dept Neurosurg, Rotterdam, Netherlands
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
traumatic brain injury; prognostic models; systematic review; glasgow outcome scale; validation; regression analysis;
D O I
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.06.011
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
Objectives: To describe the modeling techniques used for early prediction of outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to identify aspects for potential improvements. Study Design and Setting: We reviewed key methodological aspects of studies published between 1970 and 2005 that proposed a prognostic model for the Glasgow Outcome Scale of TBI based on admission data. Results: We included 31 papers. Twenty-four were single-center studies, and 22 reported on fewer than 500 patients. The median of the number of initially considered predictors was eight, and on average five of these were selected for the prognostic model, generally including age, Glasgow Coma Score (or only motor score), and pupillary reactivity. The most common statistical technique was logistic regression with stepwise selection of predictors. Model performance was often quantified by accuracy rate rather than by more appropriate measures such as the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Model validity was addressed in 15 studies, but mostly used a simple split-sample approach, and external validation was performed in only four studies. Conclusion: Although most models agree on the three most important predictors, many were developed on small sample sizes within single centers and hence lack generalizability. Modeling strategies have to be improved, and include external validation. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:331 / 343
页数:13
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