Cytokine secretion by cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells

It is controversial whether mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator intrinsically dysregulate inflammation. We characterized passage 2 human tracheobronchial epithelial cell cultures morphologically and physiologically and determined whether cytokine production or nuclear factor-kappaB activation was systematically altered in cystic fibrosis (CF) cells. Non-CF and CIF cells originating from a total of 33 and 25 lungs, respectively, were available for culture on plastic or at an air-liquid interface until well differentiate. Forskolin-stimulated short-circuit currents were present in representative polarized non-CIF cultures and were absent in CIF cultures, whereas uridine 5'-triphosphate-stimulated currents were present in both. Constitutive or interleukin (IL)-1beta-induced IL-8 or IL-6 secretion or nuclear factor-kappaB activity was not significantly different between non-CF and CIF cells. The cytokines regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and IL-10 were not detectable. Stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha or a synthetic toll-like receptor 2 agonist or variable doses and times of Staphylococcus aureus culture filtrate revealed a single dose- and time-dependent difference in IL-8 production by CIF cells. Interestingly, although IL-8 secretion after stimulation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa filtrates was not greater in CIF cells in the absence of human serum, it was variably greater in its presence. Thus, although exaggerated responses may develop under certain conditions, our results do not support an overall intrinsically hyperinflammatory phenotype in CIF cells.