Increasing wildfire in Alaska's boreal forest: Pathways to potential solutions of a wicked problem

被引：135

作者：

Chapin, F. Stuart, III ^{[1
]}

Trainor, Sarah F. ^{[2
]}

Huntington, Orville ^{[8
,9
]}

Lovecraft, Amy L. ^{[3
]}

Zavaleta, Erika ^{[10
]}

Natcher, David C. ^{[11
]}

McGuire, A. David ^{[4
]}

Nelson, Joanna L. ^{[10
]}

Ray, Lily ^{[12
,13
]}

Calef, Monika ^{[14
]}

Fresco, Nancy ^{[5
]}

Huntington, Henry ^{[15
]}

Rupp, T. Scott ^{[6
]}

Dewilde, La'ona ^{[7
]}

Naylor, Rosamond L. ^{[16
,17
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA

[2] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Ctr Climate Assessment & Policy, Fairbanks, AK USA

[3] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Polit Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA

[4] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA

[5] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Scenarios Network Alaska Planning, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA

[6] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA

[7] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Resilience Adaptat Program, Fairbanks, AK USA

[8] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Native Sci Commiss, Fairbanks, AK USA

[9] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Huslia Tribal Council, Fairbanks, AK USA

[10] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[11] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Agr Econ, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada

[12] Clark Univ, Dept Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA

[13] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Resilience & Adaptat Program, Fairbanks, AK USA

[14] SUNY Albany, Dept Geog & Planning, Albany, NY 12222 USA

[15] Huntington Consulting Eagle River, Huntington, AR USA

[16] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[17] Stanford Univ, Freeman Spogli Inst Int Studies, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

来源：

BIOSCIENCE | 2008年 / 58卷 / 06期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Alaska; global change; scale; wildfire; wicked problem;

D O I：

10.1641/B580609

中图分类号：

Q [生物科学];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Recent global environmental and social changes have created a set of "wicked problems" for which there are no optimal solutions. In this article, we illustrate the wicked nature of such problems by describing the effects of global warming on the wildfire regime and indigenous communities in Alaska, and we suggest an approach for minimizing negative impacts and maximizing positive outcomes. Warming has led to an increase in the areal extent of wildfire in Alaska, which increases fire risk to rural indigenous communities and reduces short-term subsistence opportunities. Continuing the current fire suppression policy would minimize these negative impacts, but it would also create secondary problems near communities associated with fuel buildup and contribute to a continuing decline in subsistence opportunities. Collaborations between communities and agencies to harvest flammable fuels for heating and electrical power generation near communities, and to use wild land fire for habitat enhancement in surrounding forests, could reduce community vulnerability to both the direct and the indirect effects of global climate change.

引用

页码：531 / 540

页数：10

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