Nanoparticle networks reduce the flammability of polymer nanocomposites

被引:770
作者
Kashiwagi, T [1 ]
Du, FM
Douglas, JF
Winey, KI
Harris, RH
Shields, JR
机构
[1] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA
[2] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[3] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1038/nmat1502
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Synthetic polymeric materials are rapidly replacing more traditional inorganic materials, such as metals, and natural polymeric materials, such as wood. As these synthetic materials are flammable, they require modi. cations to decrease their flammability through the addition of flame-retardant compounds. Environmental regulation has restricted the use of some halogenated flame-retardant additives, initiating a search for alternative flame-retardant additives. Nanoparticle fillers are highly attractive for this purpose, because they can simultaneously improve both the physical and flammability properties of the polymer nanocomposite. We show that carbon nanotubes can surpass nanoclays as effective flame-retardant additives if they form a jammed network structure in the polymer matrix, such that the material as a whole behaves rheologically like a gel. We find this kind of network formation for a variety of highly extended carbon-based nanoparticles: single- and multiwalled nanotubes, as well as carbon nanofibres.
引用
收藏
页码:928 / 933
页数:6
相关论文
共 45 条
[1]  
Ajayan PM, 2000, ADV MATER, V12, P750, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(200005)12:10<750::AID-ADMA750>3.0.CO
[2]  
2-6
[3]  
Austin PJ, 1998, FIRE MATER, V22, P221, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1018(199811/12)22:6<221::AID-FAM658>3.0.CO
[4]  
2-D
[5]   DC and AC conductivity of carbon nanotubes-polyepoxy composites [J].
Barrau, S ;
Demont, P ;
Peigney, A ;
Laurent, C ;
Lacabanne, C .
MACROMOLECULES, 2003, 36 (14) :5187-5194
[6]   Filler blend of carbon nanotubes and organoclays with improved char as a new flame retardant system for polymers and cable applications [J].
Beyer, G .
FIRE AND MATERIALS, 2005, 29 (02) :61-69
[7]  
Bicerano J, 1999, J MACROMOL SCI R M C, VC39, P561
[8]   Microscopic mechanism of reinforcement in single-wall carbon nanotube/polypropylene nanocomposite [J].
Chang, TE ;
Jensen, LR ;
Kisliuk, A ;
Pipes, RB ;
Pyrz, R ;
Sokolov, AP .
POLYMER, 2005, 46 (02) :439-444
[9]   Electrical, magneto-transport and localization of charge carriers in nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes [J].
Chauvet, O ;
Benoit, JM ;
Corraze, B .
CARBON, 2004, 42 (5-6) :949-952
[10]  
Clift R., 1978, BUBBLES DROPS PARTIC