A PDF micromixing model of dispersion for atmospheric flow. Part 1: development of the model, application to homogeneous turbulence and to neutral boundary layer

A Lagrangian stochastic (LS) probability density function (PDF) model has been developed to study statistics and PDF of concentration generated by continuous releases of passive substances from point and line sources in atmospheric flow. The model simulates the combined effect of turbulent mixing (macromixing) and molecular diffusivity (micromixing) on dispersion of tracers. Turbulent dispersion is modelled using an LS model; molecular diffusivity is simulated by an interaction by exchange with the conditional mean (IECM) model. A dynamical computational grid, which expands with time around the plume, has been developed to optimise computational time and memory requirements. The model has been tested with the results of a two-particle LS model in homogeneous turbulence and with wind tunnel observations in a neutral boundary layer. The proposed model can account for chemical reactions in a direct way with no closure assumptions. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.