Transformation of the nitrogen cycle: Recent trends, questions, and potential solutions

被引：4980

作者：

Galloway, James N. ^{[1
]}

Townsend, Alan R. ^{[2
,3
]}

Erisman, Jan Willem ^{[4
]}

Bekunda, Mateete ^{[5
]}

Cai, Zucong ^{[6
]}

Freney, John R. ^{[7
]}

Martinelli, Luiz A. ^{[8
]}

Seitzinger, Sybil P. ^{[9
]}

Sutton, Mark A. ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[3] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[4] ECN, Energy Res Ctr Netherlands, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands

[5] Makerere Univ, Fac Agr, Kampala, Uganda

[6] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China

[7] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

[9] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Cooperat Marine Educ &, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA

[10] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Edinburgh Res Stn, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland

来源：

SCIENCE | 2008年 / 320卷 / 5878期

基金：

英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.1136674

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Humans continue to transform the global nitrogen cycle at a record pace, reflecting an increased combustion of fossil fuels, growing demand for nitrogen in agriculture and industry, and pervasive inefficiencies in its use. Much anthropogenic nitrogen is lost to air, water, and land to cause a cascade of environmental and human health problems. Simultaneously, food production in some parts of the world is nitrogen-deficient, highlighting inequities in the distribution of nitrogen-containing fertilizers. Optimizing the need for a key human resource while minimizing its negative consequences requires an integrated interdisciplinary approach and the development of strategies to decrease nitrogen-containing waste.

引用

页码：889 / 892

页数：4

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