Highly sensitive and accurate measurements of numerous trace gases are required to further our understanding of atmospheric processes. Tunable diode laser systems, which offer many advantages in this regard, can be designed for reliable field measurements on both ground-based and aircraft platforms. The present paper describes the long term effort at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) to develop, employ, and validate a highly sensitive tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for the measurement of various trace gases, including formaldehyde and carbon monoxide. This system was successfully employed on three recent aircraft campaigns. The present paper describes the aircraft instrument along with hardware and software features incorporated for high sensitivity, with particular emphasis on major modifications to the NCAR aircraft system over the past year.