Antioxidant supplementation for the prevention of kwashiorkor in Malawian children: randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial

被引:52
作者
Ciliberto, H
Ciliberto, M
Briend, A
Ashorn, P
Bier, D
Manary, M [1 ]
机构
[1] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[2] Washington Univ, St Louis Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
[3] Inst Rech Dev, F-75010 Paris, France
[4] Tampere Univ Hosp, Paediat Res Ctr, FIN-33521 Tampere, Finland
来源
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL | 2005年 / 330卷 / 7500期
关键词
D O I
10.1136/bmj.38427.404259.8F
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in preventing kwashiorkor in a population of Malawian children at high risk of developing kwashiorkor. Design Prospective, double blind, placebo controlled trial randomised by household. Setting 8 villages in rural southern Malawi. Participants 2372 children in 2156 households aged 1-4 years were enrolled; 2332 completed the trial. Intervention Daily supplementation with an antioxidant powder containing riboflavin, vitamin E, selenium, and N-acetylcysteine in a dose that provided about three times the recommended dietary allowance of each nutrient or placebo for 20 weeks. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was the incidence of oedema. Secondary outcomes were the rates of change for weight and length and the number of days of infectious symptoms. Results 62 children developed kwashiorkor (defined by the presence of oedema); 39/1184 (3.3%) were in the antioxidant group and 23/1188 (1.9%) were in the placebo group (relative risk 1.70, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 2.42). The two groups did not differ in rates of weight or height gain. Children who received antioxidant supplementation did not experience less fever, cough, or diarrhoea. Conclusions Antioxidant supplementation at the dose provided did not prevent the onset of kwashiorkor. This finding does not support the hypothesis that depletion of vitamin E, selenium, cysteine, or riboflavin has a role in the development of kwashiorkor.
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页码:1109 / 1111
页数:7
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