Nimodipine attenuates lipid peroxidation during the acute phase of head trauma in rats

Oxygen free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation is one of the major mechanisms of secondary damage in traumatic brain injury. We assessed the effects of nimodipine on lipid peroxidation 1 h after head trauma in rats. Nimodipine (1.5 mug/kg IV bolus injection) was given immediately after head trauma by either the carotid artery or the jugular vein. Placebo treated rats received saline by the same routes. Control rats received head trauma only. Sham-operated rats were the group without head trauma. Malondialdehyde (MDA), which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, was measured as an indicator of oxygen free radical formation in the brain tissue. The mean values for MDA in sham operated rats were 92.4 +/-4.9 nanomoles/gram wet weight (nmol/gww) of brain tissue. In the control group, MDA content of the brain tissue was 120.8 +/-9.4 nmol/gww. In placebo treated rats, the results were similar. In the groups receiving ni modipine via carotid artery or jugular vein, the mean values were 101.1 +/-6.9 and 106.5 +/-6.0 nmol/gww, respectively. These results indicate that nimodipine caused a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation when given in the acute phase of head trauma in rats. This occurred regardless of the route of injection.