A set of indicators for the assessment of temporal variations in the sustainability of sanitary systems

被引：69

作者：

Lundin, M ^{[1
]}

Molander, S ^{[1
]}

Morrison, GM ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Chalmers Univ Technol, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden

来源：

WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY | 1999年 / 39卷 / 05期

关键词：

indicators; sustainability; water and wastewater system;

D O I：

10.2166/wst.1999.0244

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The sustainability of an urban water system was studied by application of a set of indicators that focuses on environmental issues and the efficiency and performance of the technical system. Temporal variations of indicators reflecting freshwater resources, drinking water, wastewater and by-products, were investigated for the water and wastewater system in Goteborg. Extended time series of precise data were available for quantitative indicators such as water consumption, energy use and discharge loadings. Qualitative indicators such as drinking water quality, sewage sludge quality and ecosystem status were more difficult to assess, a situation complicated by variations in criteria set in different countries. Although large urban water systems are often considered unsustainable, the set of indicators demonstrate that the water and wastewater system in Goteborg has moved towards a more sustainable status; recycling of nutrients to agriculture remains, though, a major concern. (C) 1999 IAWQ Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：235 / 242

页数：8

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