Measurement of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum and composition from 1017 to 1018.3 eV using a hybrid technique

被引：176

作者：

Abu-Zayyad, T ^{[1
]}

Belov, K

Bird, DJ

Boyer, J

Cao, Z

Catanese, M

Chen, GF

Clay, RW

Covault, CE

Dai, HY

Dawson, BR

Elbert, JW

Fick, BE

Fortson, LF

Fowler, JW

Gibbs, KG

Glasmacher, MAK

Green, KD

Ho, Y

Huang, A

Jui, CC

Kidd, MJ

Kieda, DB

Knapp, BC

Ko, S

Larsen, CG

Lee, W

Loh, EC

Mannel, EJ

Matthews, J

Matthews, JN

Newport, BJ

Nitz, DF

Ong, RA

Simpson, KM

Smith, JD

Sinclair, D

Sokolsky, P

Sommers, P

Song, C

Tang, JKK

Thomas, SB

van der Velde, JC

Wiencke, LR

Wilkinson, CR

Yoshida, S

Zhang, XZ

机构：

[1] Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

[2] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[3] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY 10533 USA

[4] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[5] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[6] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[7] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[8] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA

[9] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA

[10] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA

[11] So Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70801 USA

[12] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2001年 / 557卷 / 02期

关键词：

cosmic rays; ISM : abundances;

D O I：

10.1086/322240

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We study the spectrum and average mass composition of cosmic rays with primary energies between 10(17) and 10(18) eV using a hybrid detector consisting of the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) prototype and the Michigan Muon Array (MIA). Measurements have been made of the change in the depth of shower maximum as a function of energy. A complete Monte Carlo simulation of the detector response and comparisons with shower simulations leads to the conclusion that the cosmic-ray intensity is changing from a heavier to a lighter composition in this energy range. The spectrum is consistent with earlier Fly's Eye measurements and supports the previously found steepening near 4 x 10(17) eV.

引用

页码：686 / 699

页数：14

共 42 条

[1] Evidence for changing of cosmic ray composition between 1017 and 1018 eV from multicomponent measurements [J].

Abu-Zayyad, T ;

Belov, K ;

Bird, DJ ;

Boyer, J ;

Cao, Z ;

Catanese, M ;

Chen, GF ;

Clay, RW ;

Covault, CE ;

Cronin, JW ;

Dai, HY ;

Dawson, BR ;

Elbert, JW ;

Fick, BE ;

Fortson, LF ;

Fowler, JW ;

Gibbs, KG ;

Glasmacher, MAK ;

Green, KD ;

Ho, Y ;

Huang, A ;

Jui, CC ;

Kidd, MJ ;

Kieda, DB ;

Knapp, BC ;

Ko, S ;

Larsen, CG ;

Lee, W ;

Loh, EC ;

Mannel, EJ ;

Matthews, J ;

Matthews, JN ;

Newport, BJ ;

Nitz, DF ;

Ong, RA ;

Simpson, KM ;

Smith, JD ;

Sinclair, D ;

Sokolsky, P ;

Sommers, P ;

Song, C ;

Tang, JKK ;

Thomas, SB ;

van der Velde, JC ;

Wiencke, LR ;

Wilkinson, CR ;

Yoshida, S ;

Zhang, XZ .

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2000, 84 (19) :4276-4279

[2]

ABUZAYYAD T, 1999, P 26 ICRC, V5, P429

[3]

ABUZAYYAD T, 1997, P 25 INT COSM RAY C, V5, P345

[4]

ABUZAYYAD T, 2000, UNPUB ASTROPART PHYS

[5]

ABUZAYYAD T, 2001, IN PRESS NUCL INSTRU

[6]

Afanasiev B. N., 1993, P TOK WORKSH TECHN S, P35

[7] The cosmic-ray energy spectrum between 10(14.5) and 10(16.3) eV covering the ''knee'' region [J].

Amenomori, M ;

Cao, Z ;

Dai, BZ ;

Ding, LK ;

Feng, YX ;

Feng, ZY ;

Hibino, K ;

Hotta, N ;

Huang, Q ;

Huo, AX ;

Jia, HY ;

Jiang, GZ ;

Jiao, SQ ;

Kajino, F ;

Kasahara, K ;

Labaciren ;

Liu, SM ;

Mei, DM ;

Meng, L ;

Meng, XR ;

Mimaciren ;

Mizutani, K ;

Mu, J ;

Nanjo, H ;

Nishizawa, M ;

Ohnishi, M ;

Ohta, I ;

Ouchi, T ;

Ren, JR ;

Saito, T ;

Sakata, M ;

Shi, ZZ ;

Shibata, M ;

Shiomi, A ;

Shirai, T ;

Sugimoto, H ;

Sun, XX ;

Taira, K ;

Tan, YH ;

Tateyama, N ;

Torii, S ;

Wang, H ;

Wen, CZ ;

Yamamoto, Y ;

Yu, GC ;

Yuan, P ;

Yuda, T ;

Zhang, CS ;

Zhang, HM ;

Zhang, L .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1996, 461 (01) :408-414

[8]

Arqueros F, 2000, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V359, P682

[9] Energy gradient and geomorphological processes along a river influenced by neotectonics (the Saone river, France) [J].

Astrade, L ;

Bravard, JP .

GEODINAMICA ACTA, 1999, 12 (01) :1-10

[10]

Baltrusaitis R. M., 1985, P 19 INT COSM RAY C, V7, P159

← 1 2 3 4 5 →