The burden of chronic hyperglycemia

Diabetic complications constitute the principal clinical and economic burdens of diabetes. Available evidence indicates that sustained reduction in hyperglycemia las measured by HbA(1c)) reduces the incidence of diabetic complications, including microvascular and neurological disease, and will likely reduce the risk of macrovascular disease. in the U.S., targeting interventions to aged and ethnic subpopulations, which are currently receiving suboptimal care, and increasing efforts to lower the average HbA(1c) concentrations one or two percentage points in people with diabetes would be a more cost-effective goal than aiming for a theoretical HbA(1c) threshold below which the risk of complications is negligible. Other risk factors for diabetic complications, such as obesity hypertension, cigarette smoking, and hypercholesterolemia, must. also be addressed to reduce the burden of diabetes.