Branched chain derivatives of alkyl oleates: Tribological, rheological, oxidation, and low temperature properties

We report the evaluation of four previously prepared oleochemical branched chain ethers (1-4) and soybean oil methyl esters (SME) against cloud point, pour point, oxidation stability, kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, lubricity, and surface tension. Ethers 1-4 exhibited excellent low temperature, oxidation stability, and lubricity behavior; however, at low blend levels (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 wt%) in SME, 1-4 had minimal impact on cloud point and pour point of SME. The specific gravity and surface tension behavior of 1-4 are nearly identical to SME. Ethers 1-4 displayed increased viscosity when compared to SME, but were still within ASTM D 6751 specifications at low blend levels in SME. Conversely, ethers 3 and 4 at 2.0%, in SME were out of specification for kinematic viscosity in EN 14214. Both SME and 1-4 exhibited excellent tribological properties, as evidenced by HFRR wear scar behavior well within prescribed ASTM and CEN petrodiesel specifications. Published by Elsevier Ltd.