Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans

被引:190
作者
Jung, A. [1 ]
Schuppe, H. -C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Giessen, Ctr Dermatol & Androl, D-35385 Giessen, Germany
关键词
genital heat stress; scrotal temperature; semen quality; testicular temperature;
D O I
10.1111/j.1439-0272.2007.00794.x
中图分类号
R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
摘要
The concept that an elevation of testicular temperature results in impairment of spermatogenesis is widely accepted. Here, current knowledge concerning genital heat stress and its consequences in men is reviewed. Duration of sitting during work positively correlates with daytime scrotal temperatures and daytime scrotal temperature negatively correlates with semen quality. However, the assumed negative correlation between duration of sitting and semen quality could not be shown in the available studies. Fertility parameters of professional drivers with long periods of sitting in vehicles were impaired; however, for predominantly affected drivers of vans, trucks or industrial heavy machinery potential confounders have to be considered. Wearing tight fitting compared with loose-fitting underwear is associated with significantly higher scrotal temperatures. However, available observations suggesting a link between tight-fitting underwear or trousers and impaired semen quality are not convincing. Studies addressing professional exposure to high temperatures delivered conflicting results concerning fertility parameters. The postulated negative impact of sauna visits on semen quality is not sufficiently underlined by the available studies. Oligozoospermic men with a varicocele have significantly higher scrotal temperatures than normozoospermic men, and according to several studies varicocelectomy normalises scrotal temperatures. A further link has been reported between fever and deteriorated semen quality. Contraception via genital heat stress has been demonstrated using hot sitting baths or insulating suspensors. However, down-regulation of spermatogenesis is inconsistent and unsafe. On the other hand, scrotal and consecutively testicular cooling is able to improve semen quality.
引用
收藏
页码:203 / 215
页数:13
相关论文
共 97 条
[1]
ALMONT T, 2006, ANDROLOGIE, V16, P323
[2]
Impact of a mild scrotal heat stress on DNA integrity in murine spermatozoa [J].
Banks, S ;
King, SA ;
Irvine, DS ;
Saunders, PTK .
REPRODUCTION, 2005, 129 (04) :505-514
[3]
BENGOUDIFA B, 2006, ANDROLOGIE, V16, P335
[4]
BERGMANN M, 1978, WARMEWIRKUNG SPERMIO
[5]
Association of semen quality and occupational factors: comparison of case-control analysis and analysis of continuous variables [J].
Bigelow, PL ;
Jarrell, J ;
Young, MR ;
Keefe, TJ ;
Love, EJ .
FERTILITY AND STERILITY, 1998, 69 (01) :11-18
[6]
BONDE JP, 1992, BRIT J IND MED, V49, P5
[7]
DEEP SCROTAL TEMPERATURE AND THE EFFECT ON IT OF CLOTHING, AIR-TEMPERATURE, ACTIVITY, POSTURE AND PARAPLEGIA [J].
BRINDLEY, GS ;
COOPER, JD .
BRITISH JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, 1982, 54 (01) :49-55
[8]
THE EFFECT OF A SINGLE SAUNA EXPOSURE ON SPERMATOZOA [J].
BROWNWOODMAN, PDC ;
POST, EJ ;
GASS, GC ;
WHITE, IG .
ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY, 1984, 12 (01) :9-15
[9]
RISK-FACTORS IN MALE-INFERTILITY - A CASE-CONTROL STUDY [J].
BUIATTI, E ;
BARCHIELLI, A ;
GEDDES, M ;
NASTASI, L ;
KRIEBEL, D ;
FRANCHINI, M ;
SCARSELLI, G .
ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 1984, 39 (04) :266-270
[10]
Increase in scrotal temperature in car drivers [J].
Bujan, L ;
Daudin, M ;
Charlet, JP ;
Thonneau, P ;
Mieusset, R .
HUMAN REPRODUCTION, 2000, 15 (06) :1355-1357