The neural basis of task-switching in working memory: Effects of performance and aging

被引:141
作者
Smith, EE
Geva, A
Jonides, J
Miller, A
Reuter-Lorenz, P
Koeppe, RA
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1073/pnas.98.4.2095
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
We studied the performance of young and senior subjects on a well known working memory task, the Operation Span. This is a dual-task in which subjects perform a memory task while simultaneously verifying simple equations. Positron-emission tomography scans were taken during performance. Both young and senior subjects demonstrated a cost in accuracy and latency in the Operation Span compared with performing each component task alone (math verification or memory only). Senior subjects were disproportionately impaired relative to young subjects on the dual-task. When brain activation was examined for senior subjects, we found regions in prefrontal cortex that were active in the dual-task, but not in the component tasks. Similar results were obtained for young subjects who performed relatively poorly on the dual-task; however, for young subjects who performed relatively well in the dual-task, we found no prefrontal regions that were active only in the dual-task. Results are discussed as they relate to the executive component of task switching.
引用
收藏
页码:2095 / 2100
页数:6
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