Disseminated zygomycosis in a neutropenic patient: Successful treatment with amphotericin B lipid complex and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

Disseminated zygomycosis in persistently neutropenic patients has been almost uniformly fatal despite aggressive surgical and medical management. We describe a neutropenic patient with disseminated zygomycosis that involved the lungs and kidneys and was successfully treated with amphotericin B lipid complex and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, followed by suppressive therapy with amphotericin B for 1 pear. This approach preserved the patient's renal function and restored systemic host defenses. The single pulmonary lesion was resected, but no resection of renal tissue was attempted because of the bilateral extension of the renal lesions. After a 1-year period of followup without antifungal therapy, the patient's condition remains stable, and there has been no relapse of the infection.