Contribution of Li-Ion Batteries to the Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles

被引:607
作者
Notter, Dominic A. [1 ]
Gauch, Marcel [1 ]
Widmer, Rolf [1 ]
Wager, Patrick [1 ]
Stamp, Anna [1 ]
Zah, Rainer [1 ]
Althaus, Hans-Jorg [1 ]
机构
[1] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol Empa, Technol & Soc Lab, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
关键词
CYCLE ASSESSMENT;
D O I
10.1021/es903729a
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Battery-powered electric cars (BEVs) play a key role in future mobility scenarios. However, little is known about the environmental impacts of the production, use and disposal of the lithium ion (Li-ion) battery. This makes it difficult to compare the environmental impacts of BEVs with those of internal combustion engine cars (ICEVs). Consequently, a detailed lifecycle inventory of a Li-ion battery and a rough LCA of BEV based mobility were compiled. The study shows that the environmental burdens of mobility are dominated by the operation phase regardless of whether a gasoline-fueled ICEV or a European electricity fueled BEV is used. The share of the total environmental impact of E-mobility caused by the battery (measured in Ecoindicator 99 points) is 15%. The impact caused by the extraction of lithium for the components of the Li-ion battery is less than 2.3% (Ecoindicator 99 points). The major contributor to the environmental burden caused by the battery is the supply of copper and aluminum for the production of the anode and the cathode, plus the required cables or the battery management system. This study provides a sound basis for more detailed environmental assessments of battery based E-mobility.
引用
收藏
页码:6550 / 6556
页数:7
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