The association between betaine and choline intakes and the plasma concentrations of homocysteine in women

被引:92
作者
Chiuve, Stephanie E.
Giovannucci, Edward L.
Hankinson, Susan E.
Zeisel, Steven H.
Dougherty, Lauren W.
Willett, Walter C.
Rimm, Eric B.
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[3] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[4] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
[5] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA
关键词
betaine; choline; folate; homocysteine; alcohol; low-methyl diet;
D O I
10.1093/ajcn/86.4.1073
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background: Elevated total homocysteine (tHcy), a risk factor for many chronic diseases, can be remethylated to methionine by folate. Alternatively, tHcy can be metabolized by other 1-carbon nutrients, ie, betaine and its precursor, choline. Objective: We aimed to assess the association between the dietary intakes of betaine and choline and the concentration of tHcy. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 1477 women by using linear regression models to predict mean fasting tHcy by intakes of of betaine and choline. Results: tHcy was 8% lower in the highest quintile of total betaine + choline intake than in the lowest quintile, even after control for folate intake (P for trend = 0.07). Neither choline nor betaine intake individually was significantly associated with tHcy. Choline from 2 choline-containing compounds, glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine, was inversely associated with tHcy. These inverse associations were more pronounced in women with folate intake < 400 mu g/d than in those with intakes >= 400 mu g/d (P for interaction = 0.03 for phosphocholine) and in moderate alcohol drinkers (>= 15 g/d) than in nondrinkers or light drinkers (< 15 g/d) (P for interaction = 0.02 for glycerophosphocholine and 0.04 for phosphocholine). The strongest dose response was seen in women with a low-methyl diet (high alcohol and low folate intake) (P for interaction = 0.002 for glycerophosphocholine and 0.001 for phosphocholine). Conclusions: Total choline + betaine intake was inversely associated with tHcy, as was choline from 2 water-soluble choline-containing compounds. Remethylation of tHcy may be more dependent on the betaine pathway when methyl sources are low as a result of either inadequate folate intake or heavier alcohol consumption.
引用
收藏
页码:1073 / 1081
页数:9
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