Design and evaluation of an olfactometer for the assessment of 3-methylindole-induced hyposmia

被引:17
作者
Owens, JG [1 ]
James, RA [1 ]
Moss, OR [1 ]
Morgan, KT [1 ]
Bowman, JR [1 ]
Struve, MF [1 ]
Dorman, DC [1 ]
机构
[1] CHEM IND INST TOXICOL, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA
来源
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY | 1996年 / 33卷 / 01期
关键词
D O I
10.1006/faat.1996.0143
中图分类号
R99 [毒物学(毒理学)];
学科分类号
100405 ;
摘要
Few studies objectively evaluate olfactory function in animals following exposure to chemicals that induce nasal toxicity. An olfactometer capable of generating a reproducible olfactory stimulus and measuring an odorant-cued behavioral response was developed for rats from a commercially available two-way shuttle box. The box was modified to deliver the test odorant, acetaldehyde, to either of two chambers separated by a physical barrier consisting of a downward-directed airwall sandwiched between two exhaust panels. Male Fisher 344 rats were trained with either a coupled odorant- or tone-cued active avoidance paradigm in order to compare auditory-cued versus olfactory-cued learning and memory. Odorant-cued animals had faster acquisition and longer retention of the avoidance behavior than tone-cued animals. Animals given the model olfactory toxicant 3-methylindole (3-MI, 400 mg/kg, ip) had reduced odorant-cued avoidance, while no effect on tone-cued behavior was observed. In a follow-up study, additional odorant-trained rats were dosed with 0, 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg of 3-MI ip and olfactory function reassessed 6 days later. Histopathologic evidence of moderate to severe olfactory epithelial damage was observed in all rats 7 days after 3-MI administration. Only the highest 3-MI dose (300 mg/kg) was associated with a significant reduction in odor-cued avoidance behavior as compared to that seen in control. These results indicate that use of this olfactometer can provide a functional assessment of chemically induced olfactory toxicity and complements more routine nasal pathology. (C) 1996 Society of Toxicology
引用
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页码:60 / 70
页数:11
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