The phenomenon of the liquidity trap-defined as a situation in which even a zero interest rate is insufficiently low to produce full employment-has taken on new importance with the persistent slump in Japan. This paper restates recent theoretical work on liquidity traps, drawing a link between "intertemporal" models that are mainly concerned with demonstrating the underlying logic, and more ad hoc models that bear directly on policy; it then reexamines policy alternatives, including fiscal stimulus and inflation targeting. (C) 2000 Academic Press Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: E52, E58, E31, F31.