Scope and extent of healthcare-associated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission during two contemporaneous outbreaks in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2017

被引：16

作者：

Alanazi, Khalid H. ^{[1
]}

Killerby, Marie E. ^{[2
,3
]}

Biggs, Holly M. ^{[2
]}

Abedi, Glen R. ^{[2
]}

Jokhdar, Hani ^{[1
]}

Alsharef, Ali A. ^{[1
]}

Mohammed, Mutaz ^{[1
]}

Abdalla, Osman ^{[1
]}

Almari, Aref ^{[1
]}

Bereagesh, Samar ^{[1
]}

Tawfik, Sameh ^{[1
]}

Alresheedi, Husain ^{[1
]}

Alhakeem, Raafat F. ^{[1
]}

Hakawi, Ahmed ^{[1
]}

Alfalah, Haitham ^{[3
]}

Amer, Hala ^{[3
,4
]}

Thornburg, Natalie J. ^{[2
]}

Tamin, Azaibi ^{[2
]}

Trivedi, Suvang ^{[5
]}

Tong, Suxiang ^{[2
]}

Lu, Xiaoyan ^{[2
]}

Queen, Krista ^{[2
]}

Li, Yan ^{[2
]}

Sakthivel, Senthilkumar K. ^{[6
]}

Tao, Ying ^{[2
]}

Zhang, Jing ^{[2
]}

Paden, Clinton R. ^{[2
]}

Al-Abdely, Hail M. ^{[1
]}

Assiri, Abdullah M. ^{[1
]}

Gerber, Susan I. ^{[2
]}

Watson, John T. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

[2] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA

[3] King Saud Med City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

[4] Natl Res Ctr, Dept Community Med, Cairo, Egypt

[5] IHRC, Atlanta, GA USA

[6] Batelle, Atlanta, GA USA

来源：

INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY | 2019年 / 40卷 / 01期

关键词：

MERS-COV OUTBREAK; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; INFECTION;

D O I：

10.1017/ice.2018.290

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

ObjectiveTo investigate a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak event involving multiple healthcare facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; to characterize transmission; and to explore infection control implications.DesignOutbreak investigation.SettingCases presented in 4 healthcare facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a tertiary-care hospital, a specialty pulmonary hospital, an outpatient clinic, and an outpatient dialysis unit.MethodsContact tracing and testing were performed following reports of cases at 2 hospitals. Laboratory results were confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and/or genome sequencing. We assessed exposures and determined seropositivity among available healthcare personnel (HCP) cases and HCP contacts of cases.ResultsIn total, 48 cases were identified, involving patients, HCP, and family members across 2 hospitals, an outpatient clinic, and a dialysis clinic. At each hospital, transmission was linked to a unique index case. Moreover, 4 cases were associated with superspreading events (any interaction where a case patient transmitted to 5 subsequent case patients). All 4 of these patients were severely ill, were initially not recognized as MERS-CoV cases, and subsequently died. Genomic sequences clustered separately, suggesting 2 distinct outbreaks. Overall, 4 (24%) of 17 HCP cases and 3 (3%) of 114 HCP contacts of cases were seropositive.ConclusionsWe describe 2 distinct healthcare-associated outbreaks, each initiated by a unique index case and characterized by multiple superspreading events. Delays in recognition and in subsequent implementation of control measures contributed to secondary transmission. Prompt contact tracing, repeated testing, HCP furloughing, and implementation of recommended transmission-based precautions for suspected cases ultimately halted transmission.

引用

页码：79 / 88

页数：10

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