How glycan metabolism shapes the human gut microbiota

被引：1048

作者：

Koropatkin, Nicole M. ^{[1
]}

Cameron, Elizabeth A. ^{[1
]}

Martens, Eric C. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

来源：

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY | 2012年 / 10卷 / 05期

关键词：

HUMAN-MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES; COLORECTAL-CANCER INCIDENCE; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; BACTEROIDES-THETAIOTAOMICRON; PLANT POLYSACCHARIDES; PREVOTELLA-BRYANTII; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; BUTYRATE FORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION;

D O I：

10.1038/nrmicro2746

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

Symbiotic microorganisms that reside in the human intestine are adept at foraging glycans and polysaccharides, including those in dietary plants (starch, hemicellulose and pectin), animal-derived cartilage and tissue (glycosaminoglycans and N-linked glycans), and host mucus (O-linked glycans). Fluctuations in the abundance of dietary and endogenous glycans, combined with the immense chemical variation among these molecules, create a dynamic and heterogeneous environment in which gut microorganisms proliferate. In this Review, we describe how glycans shape the composition of the gut microbiota over various periods of time, the mechanisms by which individual microorganisms degrade these glycans, and potential opportunities to intentionally influence this ecosystem for better health and nutrition.

引用

页码：323 / 335

页数：13

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