Phobia-relevant illusory correlations: The role of phobic responsivity

被引:13
作者
de Jong, PJ
Merckelbach, H
机构
[1] Maastricht Univ, Dept Med Clin & Expt Psychol, Fac Hlth Sci, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
[2] Maastricht Univ, Dept Expt Psychol, Fac Psychol, Maastricht, Netherlands
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0021-843X.109.4.597
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
The authors investigated the role of phobic responsivity in the generation of phobia-relevant illusory correlations. As a means of disentangling the contributions of prior fear and elicited fear responses, half of a group of phobic women received 1 mg alprazolam (n = 21), and half received a placebo (n = 22). A group of nonfearful women (n = 24) was included to control for prior fear per se. Participants were exposed to slides of spiders, weapons, and flowers that were randomly paired with a shock, a siren. or nothing. Postexperimental covariation estimates and on-line outcome expectancies were assessed. Irrespective of both prior and elicited fear, participants postexperimentally overassociated spiders and shock. Yet, only women with spider phobia displayed a persisting fear-confirming expectancy bias. This bias was similar for the placebo and alprazolam groups. Thus. the bias appeared to be due to preexisting phobogenic beliefs, whereas phobic responsivity played a negligible role.
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页码:597 / 601
页数:5
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