The polarized hepatic human/rat hybrid WIF 12-1 and WIF-B cells communicate efficiently in vitro via connexin 32-constituted gap junctions

Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) plays an essential role in the control of growth, differentiation, and functions of different tissues. The expression of connexins (Cxs), the structural proteins of gap junctions, is developmentally regulated and tissue-specific. In vivo hepatocytes express Cx32 and Cx26. Most currently available in vitro hepatic cell systems express Cx43 instead of the expected Cxs. This work analyzes the GJIC competence and Cx expression of the highly differentiated and polarized hepatoma-derived hybrid cell lines, WIF 12-1 and WIF-B. It shows (using two dye transfer assays) that both lines communicate efficiently and that the acquisition of GJIC competence precedes the formation of bile canaliculi. Interestingly, these cells communicate via Cx32 expression, whereas Cx26 and Cx43 are not expressed, as demonstrated by Western and Northern blotting, immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy: The human fibroblast WI38 parent communicates via Cx43, whereas the rat hepatoma parent Fao and the subclone WIF 12-1 TGF, that has lost the human X chromosome, do not communicate, the expression of Cx32 being restricted to the mRNA in these two lines. The GJIC competence of WIF cells could thus result from the activation of the human X chromosome-linked Cx32 gene.