To exceed the capacity limitation of optical method of data storage, we record and read digital data in three dimensions in a photorefractive material which is photosensitive for recording and refractile in reading. Optical systems, including a confocal laser-scanning system and a two-photon laser-scanning system, and photorefractive materials suitable for three-dimensional data storage are discussed with current problems for commercial applications. We will show our latest results of two-photon recording in an undoped Lithium Niobate crystal. The comparison between photorefractive digital three-dimensional memory with conventional holographic three-dimensional memory and near-field memory is also discussed in terms of dynamic range, noise, recording density, and accessibility.