Hydrocarbons and the evolution of human culture

被引：141

作者：

Hall, C ^{[1
]}

Tharakan, P

Hallock, J

Cleveland, C

Jefferson, M

机构：

[1] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA

[2] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA

[3] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Grad Program Environm Sci, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA

[4] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA

[5] Syracuse Univ, Maxwell Sch Citizenship & Publ Affairs, Syracuse, NY USA

[6] Boston Univ, Ctr Energy & Environm Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[7] Boston Univ, Dept Geog, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[8] Global Energy & Environm Consultants, Old Stables, Felmersham MK43 7HJ, Beds, England

来源：

NATURE | 2003年 / 426卷 / 6964期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1038/nature02130

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Most of the progress in human culture has required the exploitation of energy resources. About 100 years ago, the major source of energy shifted from recent solar to fossil hydrocarbons, including liquid and gaseous petroleum. Technology has generally led to a greater use of hydrocarbon fuels for most human activities, making civilization vulnerable to decreases in supply. At this time our knowledge is not sufficient for us to choose between the different estimates of, for example, resources of conventional oil.

引用

页码：318 / 322

页数：5

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