Analysis of the immune-inducible transcriptome from microbial stress resistant, rat-tailed maggots of the drone fly Eristalis tenax

被引:41
作者
Altincicek, Boran [1 ]
Vilcinskas, Andreas [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Giessen Klinikum, Inst Phytopathol & Appl Zool, Interdisciplinary Res Ctr, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
关键词
D O I
10.1186/1471-2164-8-326
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Background: The saprophagous and coprophagous maggots of the drone fly Eristalis tenax (Insecta, Diptera) have evolved the unique ability to survive in aquatic habitats with extreme microbial stress such as drains, sewage pools, and farmyard liquid manure storage pits. Therefore, they represent suitable models for the investigation of trade-offs between the benefits resulting from colonization of habitats lacking predators, parasitoids, or competitors and the investment in immunity against microbial stress. In this study, we screened for genes in E. tenax that are induced upon septic injury. Suppression subtractive hybridization was performed to selectively amplify and identify cDNAs that are differentially expressed in response to injected crude bacterial endotoxin (LPS). Results: Untreated E. tenax maggots exhibit significant antibacterial activity in the hemolymph which strongly increases upon challenge with LPS. In order to identify effector molecules contributing to this microbial defense we constructed a subtractive cDNA library using RNA samples from untreated and LPS injected maggots. Analysis of 288 cDNAs revealed induced expression of 117 cDNAs corresponding to 30 novel gene clusters in E. tenax. Among these immune-inducible transcripts we found homologues of known genes from other Diptera such as Drosophila and Anopheles that mediate pathogen recognition (e. g. peptidoglycan recognition protein) or immune-related signaling (e. g. relish). As predicted, we determined a high diversity of novel putative antimicrobial peptides including one E. tenax defensin. Conclusion: We identified 30 novel genes of E. tenax that were induced in response to septic injury including novel putative antimicrobial peptides. Further analysis of these immune- related effector molecules from Eristalis may help to elucidate the interdependency of ecological adaptation and molecular evolution of the innate immunity in Diptera.
引用
收藏
页数:12
相关论文
共 63 条
[1]   Analysis of the immune-related transcriptome of a lophotrochozoan model, the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii [J].
Altincicek, Boran ;
Vilcinskas, Andreas .
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY, 2007, 4 (1)
[2]   Identification of immune-related genes from an apterygote insect, the firebrat Thermobia domestica [J].
Altincicek, Boran ;
Vilcinskas, Andreas .
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 2007, 37 (07) :726-731
[3]   Microbial metalloproteinases mediate sensing of invading pathogens and activate innate immune responses in the lepidopteran model host Galleria mellonella [J].
Altincicek, Boran ;
Linder, Monica ;
Linder, Dietmar ;
Preissner, Klaus T. ;
Vilcinskas, Andreas .
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 2007, 75 (01) :175-183
[4]  
[Anonymous], COLOUR GUIDE HOVERFL
[5]   An updated catalogue of salivary gland transcripts in the adult female mosquito, Anopheles gambiae [J].
Arcá, B ;
Lombardo, F ;
Valenzuela, JG ;
Francischetti, IMB ;
Marinotti, O ;
Coluzzi, M ;
Ribeiro, JAC .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, 2005, 208 (20) :3971-3986
[6]  
AUSUBEL RM, 1987, CURRENT PROTOCOLS MO
[7]   Antimicrobial activity of Bac7 fragments against drug-resistant clinical isolates [J].
Benincasa, M ;
Scocchi, M ;
Podda, E ;
Skerlavaj, B ;
Dolzani, L ;
Gennaro, R .
PEPTIDES, 2004, 25 (12) :2055-2061
[8]   INSECT IMMUNITY .1. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INDUCIBLE CELL-FREE ANTIBACTERIAL REACTION IN HEMOLYMPH OF SAMIA-CYNTHIA PUPAE [J].
BOMAN, HG ;
NILSSONF.I ;
PAUL, K ;
RASMUSON, T .
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 1974, 10 (01) :136-145
[9]   Antibacterial peptides: basic facts and emerging concepts [J].
Boman, HG .
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2003, 254 (03) :197-215
[10]   ANTIMIC: a database of antimicrobial sequences [J].
Brahmachary, M ;
Krishnan, SPT ;
Koh, JLY ;
Khan, AM ;
Seah, SH ;
Tan, TW ;
Brusic, V ;
Bajic, VB .
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, 2004, 32 :D586-D589