The occupational burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

被引:215
作者
Trupin, L
Earnest, G
San Pedro, M
Balmes, JR
Eisner, MD
Yelin, E
Katz, PP
Blanc, PD
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Rheumatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Environm & Occupat Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Pulm & Crit Care, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[4] Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
关键词
Airflow limitation; chronic bronchitis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; emphysema; occupational health; work-related;
D O I
10.1183/09031936.03.00094203
中图分类号
R56 [呼吸系及胸部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is attributed predominantly to tobacco smoke, occupational exposures are also suspected risk factors for COPD. Estimating the proportion of COPD attributable to occupation is thus an important public health need. A randomly selected sample of 2,061 US residents aged 55-75 yrs completed telephone interviews covering respiratory health, general health status and occupational history. Occupational exposure during the longest-held job was determined by self-reported exposure to vapours, gas, dust or fumes and through a job exposure matrix. COPD was defined by self-reported physician's diagnosis. After adjusting for smoking status and demography, the odds ratio for COPD related to self-reported occupational exposure was 2.0 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.6-2.5), resulting in an adjusted population attributable risk (PAR) of 20% (95% Cl 13-27%). The adjusted odds ratio based on the job exposure matrix was 1.6 (95% Cl 1.1-2.5) for high and 1.4 (95% Cl 1.1-1.9) for intermediate probability of occupational dust exposure; the associated PAR was 9% (95% Cl 3-15%). A narrower definition of COPD, excluding chronic bronchitis, was associated with a PAR based on reported occupational exposure of 31% (95% Cl 19-41%). Past occupational exposures significantly increased the likelihood of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, independent of the effects of smoking. Given that one in five cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be attributable to occupational exposures, clinicians and health policy-makers should address this potential avenue of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causation and its prevention.
引用
收藏
页码:462 / 469
页数:8
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