Autologous bone grafting in staged scoliosis surgery - The patient as bone bank

Study Design, A prospective clinical study in which autologous rib graft, harvested during the thoracotomy in staged scoliosis correction, is stored within the patient for use during the second stage (posterior intrumentation and fusion). Objective, To determine whether the bone stored by this technique is biologically viable and microbiologically safe, Summary of Background Data. To the authors' knowledge, this method of storage of bone has never been described previously. Methods. During the first operation, the excised rib was divided into 3-5 cm fragments and stored in a sub-muscular plane adjacent to the posterior elements of the spine before closure. The graft was then retrieved at the second stage. Samples were sent for histologic and microbiologic examination before implantation. Results. On histologic examination, more than 50% of the osteocytes retained their basophilic staining, indicating that they were viable. In addition, osteoclastic activity was notably absent. There was no significant bacterial contamination of the samples. Clinically, all patients achieved satisfactory bone fusion. Conclusion, Homeostatic equilibrium in humans provides the ideal environment in which bone graft can be stored. There is no increased risk of infection, and the osteogenic potential of the graft is retained.