Expression of histone deacetylase 1 correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) are now attracting attention as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. However, the relation between HDAC1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well understood. We therefore investigated the relationship between HDAC1 expression by tumors and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Methods: We used semi-quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to assess expression of HDAC1 mRNA in tumor samples from 93 patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. We then correlated HDAC1 mRNA levels with known clinicopathological factors. Results: We found that the 5-year disease-free survival rate among patients strongly expressing HDAC1 was significantly poorer than among those expressing lower levels (P=0.005 by log-rank test). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses revealed that being male (hazard ratio, 3.56:95% CI, 1.58-8.42; P = 0.002), nodal metastasis (hazard ratio, 7.98:95% CI, 2.99-22.1; P < .001) and HDAC1 (hazard ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.04-4.84; P = 0.039) were all independent factors affecting 5-year disease-free survival. Conclusion: Stronger HDAC1 expression by tumor cells is an independent predictor of a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.