Sonographic evaluation for peripheral pulmonary nodules during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Background: The clinical value of sonographic guidance during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was studied in 26 patients with peripheral pulmonary nodules. Methods: Twenty-six patients underwent VATS between June 2000 and March 2001 for primary lung cancer (n = 15), pulmonary metastasis (n - 6), and various benign tumors (it = 5). Results: Sonogyraphic guidance successfully visualized peripheral pulmonary tumors in 21 of the 26 patients (81%). Among them, rich intratumoral blood flow signal was identified in 8 of the 15 primary lung cancers by using color Doppler sonography. The peak velocity was 26 +/- 12.8 cm/s in primary lung cancer and 9.4 +/- 1.7 cm/s in pulmonary metastasis, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Sonographic guidance during VATS is helpful for locating lesions and determining the extent of surgical resection. The color Doppler method was also useful for evaluating intratumoral blood flow, which yielded significant information for differentiating primary lung cancer, metastatic tumors, and various benign tumors.