kappa, but not mu or delta, opioids attenuate responses to distention of afferent fibers innervating the rat colon

Background & Aims: Discomfort and pain are the principal conscious sensations that arise from the viscera, and both are increased in frequency and intensity in patients with a functional bower disorder, Visceral receptors, perhaps sensitized, may contribute to these altered sensations, The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of opioid receptor-selective agonists on afferent fibers innervating the colon. Methods: Mechanosensitive pelvic nerve afferent fibers were recorded from the decentralized S-1 dorsal root in anesthetized rats. The effects of opioid agonists, given intra-arterially, were studied based on the fiber's responses to noxious colorectal distention (CRD) (80 mm Hg, 30 seconds), Results: A total of 115 distention-sensitive fibers innervating the colon were studied, including 32 that were studied after colonic inflammation with 2.5% acetic acid, Neither mu- (morphine and fentanyl) nor delta- ([D-Pen(2),D-Pen(5)]enkephalin- and SNC-80) opioid receptor agonists affected responses to CRD, In contrast, kappa- (U-50,488 and fedotozine) opioid receptor agonists dose-dependently attenuated responses to CRD, Acetic acid sensitized about half of the fibers studied, but neither the potency nor the efficacy of U-50,488 or FDZ were changed after colonic inflammation, Conclusions: These results suggest a role for peripheral kappa-opioid receptors in the modulation of visceral nociception.