Role of the stratospheric polar freezing belt in denitrification

被引：88

作者：

Tabazadeh, A

Jensen, EJ

Toon, OB

Drdla, K

Schoeberl, MR

机构：

[1] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[3] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2001年 / 291卷 / 5513期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.1057228

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Homogeneous freezing of nitric acid hydrate particles can produce a polar freezing belt in either hemisphere that can cause denitrification. Computed denitrification profiles for one Antarctic and two Arctic cold winters are presented. The vertical range over which denitrification occurs is normally quite deep in the Antarctic but limited in the Arctic. A 4 kelvin decrease in the temperature of the Arctic stratosphere due to anthropogenic and/or natural effects can trigger the occurrence of widespread severe denitrification. Ozone loss is amplified in a denitrified stratosphere, so the effects of falling temperatures in promoting denitrification must be considered in assessment studies of ozone recovery trends.

引用

收藏

页码：2591 / 2594

页数：4

相关论文

共 33 条

[1] Supercooling of type 1 polar stratospheric clouds:: The freezing of submicron nitric acid aerosols having HNO3 mol fractions less than 0.5 [J].

Bertram, AK ;

Dickens, DB ;

Sloan, JJ .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2000, 105 (D7) :9283-9290

[2] STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOL GROWTH AND HNO3 GAS-PHASE DEPLETION FROM COUPLED HNO3 AND WATER-UPTAKE BY LIQUID PARTICLES [J].

CARSLAW, KS ;

LUO, BP ;

CLEGG, SL ;

PETER, T ;

BRIMBLECOMBE, P ;

CRUTZEN, PJ .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1994, 21 (23) :2479-2482

[3] NITRIC-ACID CLOUD FORMATION IN THE COLD ANTARCTIC STRATOSPHERE - A MAJOR CAUSE FOR THE SPRINGTIME OZONE HOLE [J].

CRUTZEN, PJ ;

ARNOLD, F .

NATURE, 1986, 324 (6098) :651-655

[4] PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN ARCTIC POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS, GROWTH AND FREEZING OF SULFURIC-ACID DROPLETS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CLOUD FORMATION [J].

DYE, JE ;

BAUMGARDNER, D ;

GANDRUD, BW ;

KAWA, SR ;

KELLY, KK ;

LOEWENSTEIN, M ;

FERRY, GV ;

CHAN, KR ;

GARY, BL .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1992, 97 (D8) :8015-8034

[5] The detection of large HNO3-containing particles in the winter arctic stratosphere [J].

Fahey, DW ;

Gao, RS ;

Carslaw, KS ;

Kettleborough, J ;

Popp, PJ ;

Northway, MJ ;

Holecek, JC ;

Ciciora, SC ;

McLaughlin, RJ ;

Thompson, TL ;

Winkler, RH ;

Baumgardner, DG ;

Gandrud, B ;

Wennberg, PO ;

Dhaniyala, S ;

McKinney, K ;

Peter, T ;

Salawitch, RJ ;

Bui, TP ;

Elkins, JW ;

Webster, CR ;

Atlas, EL ;

Jost, H ;

Wilson, JC ;

Herman, RL ;

Kleinböhl, A ;

von König, M .

SCIENCE, 2001, 291 (5506) :1026-1031

[6] LARGE LOSSES OF TOTAL OZONE IN ANTARCTICA REVEAL SEASONAL CLOX/NOX INTERACTION [J].

FARMAN, JC ;

GARDINER, BG ;

SHANKLIN, JD .

NATURE, 1985, 315 (6016) :207-210

[7] LABORATORY STUDIES OF THE NITRIC-ACID TRIHYDRATE - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SOUTH POLAR STRATOSPHERE [J].

HANSON, D ;

MAUERSBERGER, K .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1988, 15 (08) :855-858

[8] Dehydration and denitrification in the Arctic polar vortex during the 1995-1996 winter [J].

Hintsa, EJ ;

Newman, PA ;

Jonsson, HH ;

Webster, CR ;

May, RD ;

Herman, RL ;

Lait, LR ;

Schoeberl, MR ;

Elkins, JW ;

Wamsley, PR ;

Dutton, GS ;

Bui, TP ;

Kohn, DW ;

Anderson, JG .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1998, 25 (04) :501-504

[9] MICROPHYSICAL MODELING OF CIRRUS .2. SENSITIVITY STUDIES [J].

JENSEN, EJ ;

TOON, OB ;

WESTPHAL, DL ;

KINNE, S ;

HEYMSFIELD, AJ .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1994, 99 (D5) :10443-10454

[10] Denitrification and nitrification in the Arctic stratosphere during the winter of 1996-1997 [J].

Kondo, Y ;

Irie, H ;

Koike, M ;

Bodeker, GE .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2000, 27 (03) :337-340

← 1 2 3 4 →