Stereotype formation and endorsement: The role of implicit theories

被引:644
作者
Levy, SR [1 ]
Stroessner, SJ
Dweck, CS
机构
[1] Columbia Univ, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10027 USA
[2] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10027 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1037//0022-3514.74.6.1421
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Five experiments supported the hypothesis that peoples' implicit theories about the fixedness versus malleability of human attributes (entity Versus incremental theories) predict differences in degree of social stereotyping. Relative to those holding an incremental theory, people holding an entity theory made more stereotypical trait judgments of ethnic and occupational groups (Experiments 1, 2, and 5) and formed more extreme trait judgments of novel groups (Experiment 3). Implicit theories also predicted the degree to which people attributed stereotyped traits to inborn group qualities versus environmental forces (Experiment 2). Manipulating implicit theories affected level of stereotyping (Experiment 4), suggesting that implicit theories can play a causal role. Finally, implicit theories predicted unique and substantial variance in stereotype endorsement after controlling for the contributions of other stereotype-relevant individual difference variables (Experiment 5). These results highlight the importance of people's basic assumptions about personality in stereotyping.
引用
收藏
页码:1421 / 1436
页数:16
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