Pathophysiology and treatment of menopausal hot flashes

被引:182
作者
Freedman, RR [1 ]
机构
[1] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, CS Mott Ctr, Div Behav Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
关键词
hot flashes; menopause; thermoregulation; sleep;
D O I
10.1055/s-2005-869479
中图分类号
R71 [妇产科学];
学科分类号
100211 ;
摘要
Hot flashes are the most common symptom of menopause. Although the appearance of hot flashes coincides with estrogen withdrawal, this does not entirely explain the phenomenon because estrogen levels do not differ between symptomatic and asymptomatic women. Luteinizing hormone pulses do not produce hot flashes nor do changes in endogenous opiates. Recent studies suggest that hot flashes are triggered by small elevations in core body temperature (T.) acting within a reduced thermoneutral zone in symptomatic postmenopausal women. This narrowing may be due to elevated central noradrenergic activation, a contention supported by observations that clonidine and some relaxation procedures ameliorate hot flashes. Because hot flashes are triggered by T, elevations, procedures to reduce T,, such as lowering ambient temperature, are beneficial. Estrogen ameliorates hot flashes by increasing the T, sweating threshold, although the underlying mechanism is not known. Recent studies of hot flashes during steep call into question their role in producing sleep disturbance.
引用
收藏
页码:117 / 125
页数:9
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