Island growth of Y2BaCuO5 nanoparticles in (211∼1.5 nm/123∼10 nm)xN composite multilayer structures to enhance flux pinning of YBa2Cu3O7-δ films

A controlled introduction of second-phase Y2BaCuO5 (211) nanoparticles into YBa2Cu3O7-delta (123) thin films was achieved for the first time for the purpose of increasing flux pinning. The island-growth mode of 211 on 123 was utilized to obtain an area particle density >10(11) cm(-2) of 211 thick-disk-shaped nanoparticles in individual layers. Composite layered structures of (211(y) nanoparticles/123(z))xN were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on LaAlO3 substrates, with N bilayers = 24 to 100, y thickness = I to 2 nm, and z thickness = 6 to 15 nm (assuming continuous layer coverage). With 211 addition, the critical current densities at 77 K were higher at magnetic fields as low as 0.1 T and increased as much as approximately 300% at 1.5 T. The superconducting transition temperature was reduced by approximately 2 to 4 K for 211 volume fraction <20%. Reinitiation of 123 growth after every 211 layer resulted in a smooth and flat surface finish on the films and also greatly reduced surface particulate formation especially in thicker films (similar to1 mum).