Acyl carrier protein: structure-function relationships in a conserved multifunctional protein family

被引:163
作者
Byers, David M. [1 ,2 ]
Gong, Huansheng
机构
[1] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlantic Res Ctr, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
[2] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Atlantic Res Ctr, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
来源
BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY-BIOCHIMIE ET BIOLOGIE CELLULAIRE | 2007年 / 85卷 / 06期
关键词
acyl carrier protein; fatty acid synthesis; acyltransferases; bacterial lipids; natively unfolded proteins; protein conformation; polyketides; non-ribosomal peptides;
D O I
10.1139/O07-109
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Acyl carrier protein (ACP) is a universal and highly conserved carrier of acyl intermediates during fatty acid synthesis. In yeast and mammals, ACP exists as a separate domain within a large multifunctional fatty acid synthase polyprotein (type I FAS), whereas it is a small monomeric protein in bacteria and plastids (type II FAS). Bacterial ACPs are also acyl donors for synthesis of a variety of products, including endotoxin and acylated homoserine lactones involved in quorum sensing; the distinct and essential nature of these processes in growth and pathogenesis make ACP-dependent enzymes attractive antimicrobial drug targets. Additionally, ACP homologues are key components in the production of secondary metabolites such as polyketides and nonribosomal peptides. Many ACPs exhibit characteristic structural features of natively unfolded proteins in vitro, with a dynamic and flexible conformation dominated by 3 parallel a helices that enclose the thioester-linked acyl group attached to a phosphopantetheine prosthetic group. ACP conformation may also be influenced by divalent cations and interaction with partner enzymes through its "recognition" helix 11, properties that are key to its ability to alternately sequester acyl groups and deliver them to the active sites of ACP-dependent enzymes. This review highlights recent progress in defining how the structural features of ACP are related to its multiple carrier roles in fatty acid metabolism.
引用
收藏
页码:649 / 662
页数:14
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