Investigation of a rifampin, fusidic-acid and mupirocin releasing silicone catheter

After strict hygienical measures have been exhausted the use of plastic materials with antibacterial activity may reduce catheter related-bacterial colonization. An antimicrobial silicone catheter was investigated by HPLC-measurement, SERI, antimicrobial assays and standard biocompatibility tests. The modified catheter was highly biocompatible and the antimicrobial leaching non-toxic. The initially release rate was governed by the drug solubility in the 'sink' and surface loading ('burst effect'). The second continuous period depended on the drug velocity in the silicone matrix and was extended up to 100 days with a proportionality to root t for each drug. Diffusion exponents were in range of 2 x 10(-8) to 1 x 10(-9) (cm(2) sec(-1)). The lower diffusion exponent of mupirocin was explained by its higher cohesion energy and lower physico-chemical compatibility with the embedding silicone. The antimicrobial drugs were in a molecular-dispersed state with the silicone-matrix, whereas superficially located crystals of the antibiotics covering the catheter surface could be demonstrated by SEM. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.