Calcium-bound recoverin targets rhodopsin kinase to membranes to inhibit rhodopsin phosphorylation

In rod photoreceptor cells, Ca2+-bound recoverin associates with disk membranes and inhibits light-dependent phosphorylation of rhodopsin. However, the functional significance of Ca2+-induced membrane association of recoverin has not been fully evaluated. We found that Ca2+-bound recoverin forms a complex with rhodopsin kinase preferentially at the membrane surface. Addition of increasing amounts of membranes promoted the membrane association of recoverin, and remarkably suppressed rhodopsin kinase activity. It was concluded that the Ca2+-recoverin-rhodopsin kinase complex is stabilized by membrane association, leading to effective suppression of the kinase activity.