Experience-dependent changes in the importance of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors for visual transmission in superior colliculus

The excitatory amino acid transmitter glutamate mediates visual activity in the superficial grey layer (SGS) of superior colliculus. At eye opening N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA-rs) convey Little of the visual response, but with age their role in visual transmission increases to a peak at P21, then falls to the lower adult level. Visual deprivation which begins before eye opening causes NMDA-rs to assume a greater importance for visual transmission in SGS. Here we explore the possibility that these experience-dependent changes in the role of NMDA-rs in the SGS are limited by age. We find that the effects of visual deprivation on NMDA-r mediated visual activity are recoverable even after extensive dark rearing. Also, a short episode of visual experience is sufficient to allow the normal situation to be established and subsequent dark rearing is ineffective. Four-day periods of visual experience beginning at P14 or P25 have the same effect. Given that NMDA-rs take little part in visual transmission prior to P18, these data prompt a reconsideration of the role of NMDA-r mediated sensory transmission in the mechanisms by which early environmental experience influences the development of the visual system. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.